To quickly and accurately estimate a mental condition of a person and also detect the switching and the instantaneous change of a mental condition.SOLUTION: A mental condition estimation system 600 of the present invention includes a mental condition estimation unit 601 which estimates the mental condition of a person using at least a feature amount relating to muscular activity in an expression muscle. In addition, a mental condition estimation method of the present invention estimates the mental condition of the person using at least the feature amount relating to the muscular activity in the expression muscle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2【課題】人の精神状態を素早くかつ精度良く推定できるだけでなく、精神状態の切替や瞬時的な変化も検出にする。【解決手段】本発明の精神状態推定システム600は、表情筋における筋活動に関する特徴量を少なくとも用いて人の精神状態を推定する精神状態推定部601を備える。また、本発明の精神状態推定方法は、表情筋における筋活動に関する特徴量を少なくとも用いて人の精神状態を推定する。【選択図】図2