Provided are a data transmission method and device, a base station, and a User Equipment (UE). The method includes: sending a pre-scheduling signaling to a UE before competing for an unlicensed carrier, the pre-scheduling signaling for instructing the UE to transmit data on an unlicensed resource obtained by competition; and transmitting the data with the UE according to the pre-scheduling signaling. The present invention solves the problems in the related art of discontinuous data transmission and low resource utilization caused by resource competition and resource occupation time limitations when transmitting data by using an unlicensed carrier, thereby transmitting the data by effectively utilizing limited occupation time on the unlicensed carrier, improving the spectrum efficiency, and reducing the data transmission delay of the unlicensed carrier.
