An object of the present invention is to provide an agent for suppressing the number of intestinal bacteria, which is capable of suppressing the number of particular intestinal bacteria associated with a disease, and a food and pharmaceutical product containing the agent for suppressing the number of intestinal bacteria. The present invention provides an agent for suppressing the number of intestinal bacteria, which contains an extract and/or crushed product of a plant of the genus Salacia, wherein the intestinal bacterium is at least one which is selected from the group consisting of the families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae.
