A preparation method for a medical porous tantalum material for human weight-bearing bone tissue replacement, comprising: mixing tantalum powder and an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol into a slurry, injecting the slurry into an organic foamed body by using pressuring by vibration, then drying, degreasing, sintering, cooling, and performing a heating process to produce the medical porous tantalum material, the mass concentration of the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol being 2% to 8%, and the vibration frequency being 20 to 80 times/minute. The sintering step comprises: within a vacuum degree of 10-4 to 10-3 Pa, increasing the temperature to 1500 to 1800°C at a speed of 10 to 20°C/min, maintaining the temperature for 120 to 240 minutes, cooling together with the furnace to 200 to 300°C, increasing the temperature to 1500 to 1800°C at a speed of 10 to 20°C/min, maintaining the temperature for 180 to 240 minutes, and increasing the temperature to 2000 to 2200°C at a speed of 5 to 10°C/min, and maintaining the temperature for 120 to 360 minutes. The porous tantalum prepared using the present invention is applicable as a medical implant material for weight-bearing bone tissue replacement, and ensures both biocompatibility and mechanic properties.Matériau métallique poreux de substitution dun tissu osseux humain de support à usage médical et son procédé de préparation, selon lequel une solution aqueuse dalcool polyvinlyique est liée à une suspension de poudre de tantale, la suspension est ajoutée moyennant pression vibratoire à un corps mousseux organique, le mélange étant, par la suite, soumis à séchage, décrassage, frittage, refroidissement et chauffage afin dobtenir un matériau de tantale poreux à usage médical. La concentration massique de la solution aqueuse dalcool polyvinylique est de 2 à 8 %, la fréquence vibratoire de 20 à 80 fois/sec, létape de frittage présente un degré de vide de 10-4 Pa et 10-3 Pa, avec un chauffage de 10 à 20° C/min atteignant entr
