The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, a health functional food, and a feed composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of non-alcoholic liver disease or insulin resistance comprising ginsenoside F2. The pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprising ginsenoside F2 can inhibit the adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in the liver, improve insulin sensitivity, inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-±, It-1², and IL-6 in the Kupffer cell, inhibit the expression of endocannabinoid synthase, thus capable of effectively preventing or treating non-alcoholic liver disease or insulin resistance.