PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate a rotary seedling transplanting mechanism of a rice transplanter easily changing specification from close planting to wide planting or from wide planting to close planting, in a rotary seedling transplanting mechanism provided with a seedling transplanting body installed on a rotary case fixed on a horizontal driving shaft, and made the seedling transplanting body to rotate through one turn in reverse direction in revolution of the rotary case through one turn and up and down reciprocate and made the rotation of the seedling transplanting body to retard in the vicinity of bottom dead center of the reciprocating motion. SOLUTION: The rotary seedling transplanting mechanism in rice transplanter is provided with a main power transmission gear 39 and a driven power transmission gear 40 driven by the main power transmission gear on the partway of power transmission to the driving shaft 13 and setting both transmission gears to have eccentric axis of rotation to retard or advance the rotation of the rotating case 14 at the vicinity of bottom dead center of the seedling transplanting body 18, and both driving gears are constituted as mounted as eversible on shafts 37, 8d to be mounted so that the rotation of the rotating case to be advanced or retarded in the vicinity of bottom dead center of the seedling transplanting body. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI