A rear perception module (46, 198) is utilized in conjunction with a work vehicle (20, 194) having a work vehicle cabin (30, 200) and a cabin roof (142, 202). In an embodiment, the rear perception module (46, 198) includes an environmental depth perception (EDP) sensor system (22, 196) including a first EDP device (66, 214) having a field of view encompassing an environmental region to a rear of the work vehicle (20, 194), a rear module housing (64, 204) mounted to an upper trailing edge portion of the cabin roof (142, 202), and vents (170, 172, 174, 176, 226, 228) formed in exterior walls of the rear module housing (64, 204) to facilitate airflow through the rear module housing (64, 204) along a cooling airflow path (234). A heat-generating electronic component (68, 224) is electrically coupled to the first EDP device (66, 214) and positioned in or adjacent the cooling airflow path (234) such that excess heat generated by the heat-generating electronic component (68, 224) is dissipated by convective transfer to airflow conducted along the cooling airflow path (234) during operation of the rear perception module (46, 198).
