Xanthophyll compositions and their methods of use are described, where the compositions include macular pigments as lutein and/or zeaxanthin isomers, and where they are administered in an effective amount for skin lightening and/or improving overall skin tone and/or health in a subject in need thereof. Methods for treatment are described for improvement and/or protection of skin from effects of light rays of variable intensity and/or wavelength on skin tone and/or skin health. Methods herein include administering a xanthophyll composition for skin lightening and/or improving skin tone and/or overall skin health, and to block the melanin pathway and formation of melanin in melanocytes. The compositions and their administration exhibit increased Individual Typological Angle and minimum erythemal dose, which results in rapid skin lightening. The compositions improve overall skin tone and/or skin health, when administered in an effective amount by improving hydration, flexibility and/or protecting skin from damaging effects of light radiation.
