The present invention relates to novel use of indolyl and indolinyl hydroxamates. Particularly, the invention relates to use of indolyl and indolinyl hydroxamates in the manufacturing a medicament or a pharmaceutical composition for treating a ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, spinal cord injury, cranial nerve injury, peripheral nerve injury and a neurodegenerative disorder or cognitive deficit.本發明係關於吲哚基及吲哚啉基異羥肟酸之新穎用途。特別地,本發明係關於吲哚基及吲哚啉基異羥肟酸於製造用於治療缺血性及出血性中風、脊髓損傷、腦神經損傷、周邊神經損傷及神經退化病症或認知缺乏之藥物或醫藥組合物之用途。