PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for reducing nitrate nitrogen and a volatile organic compound in soil or ground water, enabling treatment at the original position, having high biological denitrification capacity or volatile organic compound reducing capacity and extremely reducing the secondary pollution caused by the discharge of organic matters or nitrogen into the environment. SOLUTION: Nitrate nitrogen and the volatile organic compound in soil or ground water are reduced by embedding a 10 or more C fatty acid (exclusive of 10 or more C palmitic acid) or a 12 or more C fatty amine into soil or groundwater. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI