共检索到2047条,权限内显示50条;
[学术文献 ] Analyzing nonlinear contributions from climate change and anthropogenic activity to the normalized difference vegetation index across China using a locally weighted regression approach 进入全文
Heliyon
Nonlinear contributions from climate change and anthropogenic activity to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are analyzed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the nonlinear response of vegetation growth. In this study, it was hypothesized that NDVI dynamics on a nonlinear trajectory could track fluctuations of climate change and anthropogenic activity. Contributions from climate change and anthropogenic activity to NDVI were quantified using a locally weighted regression approach based on monthly timescale datasets. The findings showed that: 1) Vegetation cover fluctuated and increased in 81% of regions in China from 2000 to 2019. 2) The average predicted nonlinear contribution (APNC) of anthropogenic activity to NDVI was positive in China. The temperature APNC was positive in most of China but negative in Yunnan, where high temperatures and asynchronous temporal changes in temperature and NDVI were observed. The precipitation APNC was positive in the north of the Yangtze River, where precipitation is insufficient; but negative in South China, where precipitation is plentiful. Anthropogenic activity had the highest magnitude among the three nonlinear contributions, followed by temperature and precipitation. 3) The regions with contribution rates of anthropogenic activity greater than 80% were mainly distributed in the central Loess Plateau, North China Plain, and South China, while the areas with contribution rates of climate change greater than 80% were mainly concentrated in the northeastern QTP, Yunnan, and Northeast China. 4) The high temperature, drought, and asynchronous temporal changes in temperature, precipitation, and NDVI caused the negative average of changing trends in the predicted nonlinear contribution (PNC) of climate change to NDVI. Deforestation, land cover change, and grazing/fencing led to the negative average of changing trends in PNC from anthropogenic activity. These findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the nonlinear responses of vegetation growth to climate change and anthropogenic activity.
[学术文献 ] A Full-Scale Optimization of a Crop Spatial Planting Structure and Its Associated Effects 进入全文
Engineering
Driven by the concept of agricultural sustainable development, crop planting structure optimization (CPSO) has become an effective measure to reduce regional crop water demand, ensure food security, and protect the environment. However, traditional optimization of crop planting structures often ignores the impact on regional food supply-demand relations and interprovincial food trading. Therefore, using a system analysis concept and taking virtual water output as the connecting point, this study proposes a theoretical CPSO framework based on a multi-aspect and full-scale evaluation index system. To this end, a water footprint (WF) simulation module denoted as soil and water assessment tool-water footprint (SWAT-WF) is constructed to simulate the amount and components of regional crop WFs. A multi-objective spatial CPSO model with the objectives of maximizing the regional economic water productivity (EWP), minimizing the blue water dependency (BWFrate), and minimizing the grey water footprint (GWFgrey) is established to achieve an optimal planting layout. Considering various benefits, a full-scale evaluation index system based on region, province, and country scales is constructed. Through an entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) comprehensive evaluation model, the optimal plan is selected from a variety of CPSO plans. The proposed framework is then verified through a case study of the upper-middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in Gansu province, China. By combining the theory of virtual water trading with system analysis, the optimal planting structure is found. While sacrificing reasonable regional economic benefits, the optimization of the planting structure significantly improves the regional water resource benefits and ecological benefits at different scales.
[前沿资讯 ] Geospatial Visualization Identifies & Mitigates Land Challenges 进入全文
地理空间世界
At the Geospatial World Forum 2023, in the session on ‘Land And Property: Emerging Technology Enabling Land Economy’ discussions took place on monitoring carbon emissions using multi-source geographical data and providing a platform to solve these problems related to land usage. The panel on ‘Geographical Monitoring system for CO2 emissions and Land Use Changes’, moderated by Dr. Simon Musaeus, VP, Geospatial Content Solutions, Hexagon, President, EAASI. He began the session by introducing other panel members. Enhanced LULUCF Monitoring System High carbon stocks Protection sites Restoration sites High climate risk zones Soil Carbon stocks
[前沿资讯 ] University of Minnesota to lead new $20M AI Institute focusing on climate-smart agriculture and forestry 进入全文
EurekAlert
The University of Minnesota Twin Cities announced that it will receive a $20 million grant over five years from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) to lead a new National Artificial Intelligence Research Institute. Researchers at the AI Institute for Climate-Land Interactions, Mitigation, Adaptation, Tradeoffs and Economy (AI-CLIMATE) aim to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) to create more climate-smart practices that will absorb and store carbon while simultaneously boosting the economy in the agriculture and forestry industries.
[前沿资讯 ] Protecting the Earth Through Climate-Smart Agriculture and Technologies 进入全文
USDA
Feeding a world population estimated to exceed 9 billion by 2050 will require significant increases in agricultural production, yet those increases must be sustainable solutions that protect the world’s natural resources. As USDA’s primary extramural funding agency, the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) invests in research, education and Extension efforts to ensure a secure food supply while protecting and enhancing the world’s natural resources. NIFA’s Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) is the nation’s leading competitive grants program for agricultural sciences. AFRI-funded science is vital to meeting food, fiber and fuel demands as the global population expands while safeguarding the world’s land and water resources. NIFA is working to transform American agriculture to increase production in sustainable ways and doing so in the context of diminishing land and water resources and a changing climate.
[学术文献 ] Evaluating the impacts of watershed rehabilitation and irrigation interventions on vegetation greenness and soil erosion using remote sensing and biophysical modelling in Feresmay watershed in Ethiopia 进入全文
All Earth
Soil erosion and subsequent land degradation undermine efforts to ensure food security and environmental sustainability in Ethiopia. The government of Ethiopia has implemented extensive soil and water conservation (SWC) programs in severely degraded and food-insecure areas of the country, in some cases integrated with subsequent or parallel irrigation development. However, the effectiveness of these interventions has not been extensively evaluated. This study, therefore, evaluates the performance and impacts of SWC practices in terms of improving vegetation greenness and reducing soil erosion in Feresmay watershed in Ethiopia. Long-term Landsat-based Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were used for change-detection analysis before and after the implementation of various SWC interventions. The results revealed the positive impacts of SWC interventions in improving the vegetation greenness and soil erosion reduction although the outcome varied by intervention. Increased vegetation greenness was observed largely in areas where area closure with catchment treatment (ACCT) and impacts of irrigation (IRR) interventions are dominant, while relatively little impact was observed at the watershed level analysis. Although these interventions helped to reduce soil loss, the results highlighted the need for more SWC interventions to minimise further soil loss.
