Analysis of the Scope of Energy Subsidies and Suggestions for the G-20 Initiative

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作者：

International Energy Agency

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27843

关键词：

ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY;  ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY;  ACCIDENTS;  ACID RAIN;  ACIDIC WATER;  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES;  AIR;  AIR POLLUTANTS;  AIR POLLUTION;  ALTERNATIVE POLICIES;  ANTHRACITE;  ANTHRACITE COAL;  APPROACH;  BALANCE;  BALANCE OF PAYMENTS;  BARRIERS TO ENTRY;  BENEFIT ANALYSIS;  BIOMASS;  BIOMASS FUELS;  CAPITAL FORMATION;  CARBON;  CARBON CAPTURE;  CARBON DIOXIDE;  CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS;  CARBON EMISSIONS;  CARBON NEUTRAL;  CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS;  CELLULOSIC ETHANOL;  CLEAN FUELS;  CLEANER ENERGY;  CLIMATE CHANGE;  CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION;  COAL;  COAL COMBUSTION;  COAL COMPANY;  COAL GAS;  COAL MINING;  COAL PRICE;  COAL PRODUCERS;  COLLECTION EFFICIENCY;  COMBUSTION;  COMMERCIAL BANKS;  COMMERCIAL ENERGY;  COMPANY CARS;  CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY;  CONSUMPTION PATTERNS;  CONVENTIONAL OIL;  COST ANALYSIS;  COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS;  COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS;  CRUDE OIL;  DECISION MAKING;  DEFORESTATION;  DEMAND ELASTICITIES;  DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY;  DEMAND FOR ENERGY;  DEVELOPED COUNTRIES;  DIESEL;  DIESEL COMBUSTION;  DIESEL FUELS;  DISPOSABLE INCOME;  DISTRIBUTION LOSSES;  DOMESTIC COAL;  DOMESTIC ENERGY;  ECONOMIC ACTIVITY;  ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR;  ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT;  ECONOMIC GROWTH;  ECONOMISTS;  ELASTICITIES;  ELASTICITY OF DEMAND;  ELECTRIC POWER;  ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION;  ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS;  ELECTRIC UTILITIES;  ELECTRICITY;  ELECTRICITY PRICES;  ELECTRICITY SUPPLY;  ELECTRICITY TARIFF;  ELECTRICITY TARIFFS;  ELECTRIFICATION;  EMISSIONS;  EMPIRICAL STUDIES;  EMPLOYMENT;  ENERGY COSTS;  ENERGY DEMAND;  ENERGY EFFICIENCY;  ENERGY MARKETS;  ENERGY NEEDS;  ENERGY PRICES;  ENERGY PRODUCER;  ENERGY PRODUCTION;  ENERGY PRODUCTS;  ENERGY RESOURCES;  ENERGY SOURCE;  ENERGY SOURCES;  ENERGY SUPPLY;  ENERGY USE;  ENVIRONMENTAL;  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS;  ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY;  ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS;  EQUILIBRIUM;  EQUITY IMPACTS;  EXCISE DUTIES;  EXCISE DUTY;  EXCISE TAX;  EXPENDITURES;  EXTERNAL COSTS;  EXTERNALITIES;  FINANCIAL TRANSFERS;  FISH;  FISHERIES;  FISHING;  FORESTRY;  FOSSIL;  FOSSIL FUEL;  FOSSIL FUEL USE;  FOSSIL FUELS;  FOSSIL-FUEL USE;  FREIGHT;  FUEL;  FUEL CELLS;  FUEL CONSUMPTION;  FUEL COSTS;  FUEL PRICES;  FUEL PRODUCTION;  FUEL SUBSIDIES;  FUEL SWITCHING;  GAS EMISSIONS;  GAS FIELDS;  GAS FUELS;  GAS PRODUCTION;  GAS TURBINE;  GASEOUS FUELS;  GASOLINE;  GLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND;  GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES;  GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS;  GREENHOUSE GAS;  GREENHOUSE GASES;  HEAT;  HIGHER ENERGY CONSUMPTION;  HOUSEHOLD BUDGETS;  HYDROGEN;  IMPROVEMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY;  INCOME TAX;  INTERMEDIATE INPUTS;  KEROSENE;  MARGINAL COST;  MARKET PRICES;  MINERAL RESOURCES;  MINES;  MOTOR VEHICLES;  NATURAL GAS;  NITROGEN;  NITROGEN OXIDES;  NUCLEAR ENERGY;  NUCLEAR FISSION;  NUCLEAR POWER;  OIL;  OIL DEMAND;  OIL PRICE;  OIL PRICES;  OIL PRODUCTS;  OPEC;  PARTICULATE;  PARTICULATE MATTER;  PETROLEUM;  PETROLEUM DIESEL;  PETROLEUM GAS;  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS;  POLICE;  POLICY INSTRUMENTS;  POLICY MAKERS;  POLITICAL ECONOMY;  POLLUTERS;  POLLUTION;  POPULATION DENSITIES;  POWER CAPACITY;  POWER GENERATION;  POWER PLANTS;  POWER SECTOR;  PRICE CHANGES;  PRICE DIFFERENCES;  PRICE DIFFERENTIAL;  PRICE DIFFERENTIALS;  PRICE ELASTICITIES;  PRICE ELASTICITY;  PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND;  PRICE SUBSIDIES;  PRICES OF ENERGY;  PRIMARY ENERGY;  PRODUCER OF ENERGY;  PRODUCTION COSTS;  QUALITY ENERGY;  QUOTAS;  RAW MATERIALS;  RECYCLING;  REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS;  RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY;  RENEWABLE ENERGY;  RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARDS;  RENEWABLE SOURCES;  RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY;  RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS;  SAFETY;  SOLAR ENERGY;  SULPHUR DIOXIDE;  SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;  SYNTHETIC FUELS;  TARIFF STRUCTURE;  TAX;  TAX CREDIT;  TAX CREDITS;  TAX EXEMPTION;  TAX EXEMPTIONS;  TAX RATE;  TAX RATES;  TAX REVENUE;  TERMS OF TRADE;  TRADITIONAL BIOMASS;  TRADITIONAL FUELS;  TRAINS;  TRANSMISSION LINES;  TRANSPARENCY;  TRANSPORT;  TRANSPORT CORRIDORS;  TRANSPORT COSTS;  TRANSPORTATION;  TRANSPORTATION FUELS;  TRUE;  UTILITIES;  VEHICLES;  WEALTH;  WIND;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2010

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

When the G-20 leaders met on 24-25 September 2009 in Pittsburgh, USA, they agreed in their Communiqué that, building on the efforts of many countries to, reduce fossil fuel subsidies while preventing adverse impact on the poorest?, they were committed to, rationalize and phase out over the medium term inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption. This draft report has been developed jointly by the International Energy Agency (IEA), Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and World Bank in response to this request. It draws on the relevant expertise and work of the four tasked organizations, but also on input and comments from other organizations and experts. The report includes: a) discussion of the scope of energy subsidies; b) estimates of energy subsidies, and identification of the gaps in the existing data and issues around the measurement of energy subsidies; c) modeling-based analysis of the implications of phasing-out energy subsidies on the economy, including socio-economic and trade impacts, the environment, and the energy sector; and d) suggestions for the implementation of phase-out of inefficient subsidies leading to wasteful consumption, drawing on country case studies, including discussion of how to address social impacts.