Non-Communicable Diseases in Jamaica : Moving from Prescription to Prevention

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作者：

World Bank

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26855

关键词：

ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES;  ACCESS TO TREATMENT;  ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME;  ADOLESCENTS;  ADULT POPULATION;  AGE GROUPS;  AGED;  AGING;  AIR POLLUTION;  ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION;  ANXIETY;  ARTHRITIS;  ASTHMA;  BABIES;  BREAST CANCER;  BURDEN OF DISEASE;  CANCERS;  CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE;  CAUSES OF DEATH;  CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES;  CERVICAL CANCERS;  CHILDREN PER WOMAN;  CHOLESTEROL;  CHRONIC CONDITIONS;  CHRONIC DISEASE;  CHRONIC ILLNESS;  CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS;  COLON CANCER;  COMMUNICABLE DISEASE;  COMPLICATIONS;  CORONARY HEART DISEASE;  CULTURAL VALUES;  DEATH RATE;  DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS;  DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION;  DEPENDENCY RATIO;  DEPRESSION;  DEVELOPING COUNTRIES;  DEVELOPMENT OF POLICIES;  DIABETES;  DIABETES MELLITUS;  DIET;  DIETS;  DIGESTIVE DISEASES;  DISABILITY;  DISASTERS;  DISEASE BURDEN;  DISEASE MANAGEMENT;  DISEASE PREVALENCE;  DISEASE PREVENTION;  DISEASE PREVENTION AND CONTROL;  DRUGS;  EARLY DETECTION;  EATING HABITS;  ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS;  ECONOMIC STATUS;  EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT;  ELDERLY;  ELDERLY PEOPLE;  ELDERLY POPULATION;  EMERGENCIES;  ENDOCRINE DISORDERS;  EPIDEMIC;  EQUITABLE ACCESS;  EXPOSURE TO HEALTH RISKS;  FAMILIES;  FEMALES;  FERTILITY;  FERTILITY RATE;  FEWER CHILDREN;  FOOD PRODUCTION;  GENDER DISPARITY;  GENDER GAP;  GLOBAL HEALTH;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT;  HEALTH CONSEQUENCES;  HEALTH FACILITIES;  HEALTH IMPACT;  HEALTH MESSAGES;  HEALTH MINISTRIES;  HEALTH OUTCOMES;  HEALTH PLANNING;  HEALTH POLICY;  HEALTH PROMOTION;  HEALTH RISKS;  HEALTH SECTOR;  HEALTH SERVICES;  HEALTH SYSTEM;  HEALTHY LIFE;  HEALTHY LIFESTYLES;  HEART ATTACK;  HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE;  HIV/AIDS;  HOSPITAL;  HOSPITALIZATIONS;  HOUSEHOLD INCOME;  HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS;  HUMAN CAPITAL;  HUMAN DEVELOPMENT;  HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS;  HYGIENE;  HYPERTENSION;  IMMUNODEFICIENCY;  INDIVIDUAL HEALTH;  INFANT;  INFANT DEATHS;  INFANT MORTALITY;  INFANT MORTALITY RATE;  INFECTIOUS DISEASES;  INFORMATION SYSTEMS;  INJURIES;  INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY;  INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS;  INTERNATIONAL TRADE;  KNOWLEDGE BASE;  LAWS;  LEADING CAUSES;  LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH;  LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY;  LIFE EXPECTANCY;  LIVE BIRTHS;  LIVING CONDITIONS;  LIVING STANDARDS;  LONGER LIVES;  MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS;  MARIJUANA;  MARKETING;  MEDICAL ATTENTION;  MEDICAL CARE;  MEDICINES;  MENTAL;  MENTAL ILLNESS;  MINISTRY OF HEALTH;  MORBIDITY;  MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY;  MORTALITY;  MUSCLES;  MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES;  NATIONAL POLICY;  NATIONAL STRATEGY;  NCD;  NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES;  NUMBER OF PEOPLE;  NUTRITION;  NUTRITION EDUCATION;  NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES;  NUTRITIONAL DISEASES;  NUTRITIONAL STATUS;  OBESITY;  OLDER ADULTS;  OLDER PEOPLE;  OSTEOPOROSIS;  PARASITIC DISEASES;  PATIENT;  PATIENT EDUCATION;  PATIENT SATISFACTION;  PATIENTS;  PERSONAL HEALTH;  PHARMACEUTICALS;  PHYSICAL ACTIVITY;  PHYSICAL WORK;  PLACE OF RESIDENCE;  POLICY DIALOGUE;  POLICY MAKERS;  POLLUTION;  POPULATION GROWTH;  POPULATION GROWTH RATE;  POPULATION STRUCTURE;  POPULATION STUDIES;  PREVALENCE;  PREVENTION STRATEGIES;  PROGRESS;  PUBLIC HEALTH;  PUBLIC POLICY;  QUALITY ASSURANCE;  RECREATION;  REGIONAL ACTION;  RESPECT;  RESPIRATORY DISEASES;  RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS;  RESPIRATORY SYSTEM;  RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS;  RESTAURANTS;  RISK FACTORS;  RURAL AREAS;  RURAL RESIDENTS;  RURAL WOMEN;  SANITATION;  SERVICE UTILIZATION;  SEX;  SKIN DISEASES;  SMOKERS;  SMOKING;  SOCIAL CONDITIONS;  SOCIAL NETWORKS;  SOCIAL PARTICIPATION;  SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT;  SODIUM;  STOMACH;  STOMACH CANCER;  SYMPTOMS;  TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE;  TEENAGERS;  TERTIARY LEVELS;  TOBACCO PRODUCTS;  TRANSPORTATION;  TREATMENT;  TUBERCULOSIS;  UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE;  UNEMPLOYMENT;  URBAN DWELLERS;  URBAN WOMEN;  URBANIZATION;  USE OF CIGARETTES;  VIOLENCE;  WALKING;  WEIGHT GAIN;  WORKING CONDITIONS;  WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;  YOUNG ADULTS;  YOUNG AGE;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2012

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Jamaica is a Caribbean country that has initiated comprehensive programs to address Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). The government created the National Health Fund (NHF) to reduce the cost of treatment of NCDs and finance some prevention programs. The main objective of this study is to learn from Jamaica's experience in tackling major NCDs and related risk factors, to provide policy options for Jamaica to improve its NCD programs and to share with other countries the lessons learned from its experience. The study attempts to answer three questions: a) whether the NHF and its drug subsidy program have reduced out-of-pocket spending on NCDs; b) whether access to treatment of NCDs has improved; and c) what the economic burden on NCD patients and their families is. The report presents an overall picture of the epidemiological and demographic transitions in Jamaica, its current burden of NCDs, and the change in the trend of NCDs in the past decade, using publicly available data, particularly data from the Jamaica living condition household surveys. It assesses the risk factors and analyzes Jamaica's response to NCDs with emphasis on the impact of the NHF on people's lives. Estimates of the economic burden of NCDs are provided and policy options to improve Jamaica's NCD programs are suggested. This study focuses on Jamaica's experience in addressing major NCDs and their related risk factors with the objective of learning from Jamaica and providing policy options to Jamaica to improve its programs.