The Fruit of Her Labor : Promoting Gender-Equitable Agribusiness in Papua New Guinea -- Policy Note

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作者：

World Bank Group

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22405

关键词：

ACCESS OF WOMEN;  ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT;  ACCESS TO MARKETS;  ACCESS TO RESOURCES;  AGRIBUSINESS;  AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT;  AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION;  AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES;  AGRICULTURAL INPUTS;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH;  AGRICULTURE;  AGRONOMY;  AIDS EPIDEMIC;  ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES;  AUDITS;  BEANS;  BULLETIN;  CAPACITY OF WOMEN;  CASH CROP;  CASH CROPS;  CHERRIES;  CHILD CARE;  CHILD HEALTH;  CHOCOLATE;  COCOA;  COCONUT;  COCONUTS;  COFFEE;  COFFEE BEANS;  COFFEE EXPORTS;  COFFEE GROWERS;  COFFEE GROWING;  COFFEE GROWING AREAS;  COFFEE INDUSTRY;  COFFEE PRODUCERS;  COFFEE PRODUCTION;  COFFEE SECTOR;  COMMODITY;  CONTROL OVER RESOURCES;  COOPERATIVES;  COPRA;  COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT;  CROP;  CROP DIVERSIFICATION;  CROP PRODUCTION;  CROPS;  CULTIVATION;  CUSTOMARY LAW;  DATES;  DEMANDS ON WOMEN;  DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN;  DRINKING WATER;  DRUGS;  ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES;  ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY;  ECONOMIC RESOURCES;  ELDERLY;  ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY;  EQUALITY FOR WOMEN;  EXPORT CROPS;  EXTENDED FAMILY;  EXTENSION;  EXTENSION SERVICES;  FAIR TRADE;  FAMILY MEMBERS;  FAMILY PLANNING;  FARM;  FARMER;  FARMERS;  FARMING;  FARMING SYSTEMS;  FERTILIZER;  FLORICULTURE;  FOOD CROPS;  FOOD PRODUCTION;  FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION;  GARDENS;  GENDER;  GENDER ASPECTS;  GENDER BIAS;  GENDER DIFFERENCES;  GENDER DIMENSIONS;  GENDER DISPARITIES;  GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR;  GENDER EQUALITY;  GENDER EQUITY;  GENDER FOCUS;  GENDER GAP;  GENDER INEQUALITIES;  GENDER INEQUALITY;  GENDER ISSUES;  GENDER RELATIONS;  GENDER ROLES;  GIRLS;  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT;  HARVESTING;  HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE;  HEALTH SERVICES;  HIV;  HIV INFECTION;  HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  HORTICULTURE;  HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS;  HOUSEHOLD INCOME;  HOUSEHOLD LEVEL;  HOUSEHOLD TASKS;  HOUSEHOLD WORK;  HUMAN DEVELOPMENT;  HUSBANDS;  INCOMES;  INFORMATION SERVICES;  INFORMATION SYSTEMS;  INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT;  INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS;  INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT;  INTEGRATION;  INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH;  KINSHIP;  LABOR FORCE;  LABOR SHORTAGES;  LABORERS;  LABOUR FORCE;  LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION;  LABOUR ORGANIZATION;  LABOUR SUPPLY;  LACK OF COMMUNICATION;  LACK OF INFORMATION;  LACK OF KNOWLEDGE;  LEGAL STATUS;  LEVELS OF EDUCATION;  LITERACY LEVELS;  LIVELIHOODS;  MARKETING;  MATERNAL MORTALITY;  MIGRANT;  MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS;  MIGRATION;  MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS;  NATURAL GAS;  NEW TECHNOLOGIES;  NGOS;  NUMBER OF WOMEN;  NURSERIES;  OIL PALM;  OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN;  ORGANIC AGRICULTURE;  ORGANIC AGRICULTURE MOVEMENTS;  PARTICIPATION IN DECISION;  PEANUTS;  PESTICIDES;  PLANTATIONS;  PLANTING;  POPULATION INCREASES;  POPULATION PRESSURE;  POULTRY;  PRACTITIONERS;  PRIMARY SCHOOL;  PRIVATE SECTOR;  PRODUCE;  PRODUCTION INCENTIVES;  PUBLIC HEALTH;  PUBLIC SERVICES;  QUALITY CONTROL;  RAINFOREST;  REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH;  REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE;  RESOURCE ALLOCATION;  RESPECT;  ROLE OF WOMEN;  ROOT CROPS;  RURAL AREAS;  RURAL COMMUNITIES;  RURAL HOUSEHOLDS;  RURAL POPULATION;  RURAL WOMEN;  SANITATION;  SCHOOL ATTENDANCE;  SECONDARY SCHOOL;  SEED;  SEED PRODUCTION;  SEEDLINGS;  SEEDS;  SERVICE PROVIDERS;  SERVICES TO WOMEN;  SEX;  SEXUAL VIOLENCE;  SHORT SUPPLY;  SKILLS DEVELOPMENT;  SMALL-SCALE PRODUCERS;  SMALLHOLDERS;  SOCIAL FACTORS;  SOCIAL NORMS;  SOCIAL POLICY;  SPICES;  SUBORDINATION OF WOMEN;  SUPPLY CHAINS;  SUPPORT SERVICES;  SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE;  SYSTEMIC DISCRIMINATION;  TECHNICAL SKILLS;  TERTIARY EDUCATION;  TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES;  TRANSPORTATION;  TREES;  UNDP;  UNFPA;  UNITED NATIONS;  UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR POPULATION ACTIVITIES;  UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT;  URBANIZATION;  USAID;  USE OF FAMILY PLANNING;  USE OF FAMILY PLANNING METHODS;  VEGETABLES;  VICTIMS;  VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN;  WATER SOURCE;  WATER SUPPLY;  WDR;  WOMEN FARMERS;  WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE;  YIELDS SKILLS;  SANITATION;  EMPLOYMENT;  AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH;  MOTIVATION;  QUALITY COFFEE;  FERTILIZER;  PRODUCTION;  FARMER;  BEANS;  INCOME;  TRANSPORT CORRIDORS;  LABOR ALLOCATION;  VEHICLES;  AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT;  INFORMATION;  LABOR FORCE;  COFFEE GROWING;  INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT;  PLANTING;  INCENTIVES;  CONSULTANTS;  HEALTH;  RURAL LABOR;  AGRONOMY;  ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY;  ROUTES;  ASSOCIATIONS;  TREES;  TRANSPORT SERVICES;  CHERRIES;  OIL PALM;  DRIVERS;  KNOWLEDGE;  COCONUT;  NEW TECHNOLOGIES;  COSTS;  CASH CROPS;  TRAINING;  TRANSPORT;  COFFEE PRODUCTION;  SEEDS;  PRODUCTS;  MOBILITY;  PRODUCTIVITY;  FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS;  TRANSPORT OF GOODS;  MARKETING;  MARKETS;  SEED;  ORGANIZATIONS;  GARDENS;  LABOR SHORTAGES;  RESEARCH;  FARMING;  STANDARDS;  EXTENSION;  LABOR;  FARMERS;  COCOA;  CROPS;  FINANCE;  EFFICIENCY;  INFRASTRUCTURE;  PRODUCE;  COFFEE INDUSTRY;  EQUITY;  INITIATIVES;  TRANSPORTATION;  CROP;  TRANSPARENCY;  AGRIBUSINESS;  TRUCKS;  POLICE;  FAMILY;  EXTENSION SERVICES;  AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS;  GENDER;  CULTIVATION;  FAIR TRADE;  DIVISION OF LABOR;  COFFEE;  AGRICULTURE;  INCOMES;  MOTOR VEHICLES;  AGENCIES;  COFFEE SECTOR;  SIGNALS;  PRIVATE SECTOR;  HIGHWAYS;  HARVESTING;  COFFEE PRICES;  AGRICULTURAL INPUTS;  MANPOWER;  MANAGEMENT;  ROADS;  INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  HIGHWAY;  LAND;  SECURITY;  EDUCATION;  RISK;  FARM;  FOOD CROPS;  ELECTRONIC PAYMENT;  FARMS;  LABORERS;  SUPPLY;  BANKING;  SMALL-SCALE PRODUCERS;  SEED PRODUCTION;  COOPERATIVES;  INVESTMENTS;  LENDING;  YIELDS;  NURSERIES;  LIVELIHOODS;  WOMEN;  SUPPLIERS;  AGRICULTURAL;  FARMING SYSTEMS;  TRANSPORT COSTS;  COLLECTIVE ACTION;  COFFEE GROWING AREAS;  TECHNOLOGIES;  OUTCOMES;  SAFETY;  COMMODITY;  COFFEE EXPORTS;  PRICES;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2014

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

The overall goal of this report is to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) to achieve greater impact for women from its current activities in agribusiness in Papua New Guinea (PNG), and to provide clear recommendations on additional interventions aimed at improving outcomes for women. The report focuses on the supply chains for coffee, cocoa, and horticultural products (fresh produce), as there is a wealth of knowledge on these supply chains and on gender issues, and these provide the best opportunity to identify entry points for follow-up activities. Given the importance of smallholders in PNG, and the need to understand gender dynamics in farming, this report pays particular attention to the roles and constraints faced by smallholders, without in so doing wishing to diminish the importance of the roles played by other actors in these supply chains.