Kyrgyz Republic Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment

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作者：

Broka, Sandra

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23764

关键词：

TARIFFS;  POULTRY;  LIVE ANIMALS;  EXPORT MARKETS;  MARKET STRUCTURE;  MILLING;  FENCES;  ANIMAL PRODUCTS;  ANIMAL CONSUMPTION;  WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION;  PRICE INCREASES;  VITAMINS;  MILK;  ANIMAL WELFARE;  AGRICULTURE SECTOR;  ANIMAL PRODUCT;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION;  FARM PRODUCTIVITY;  TRADE BARRIERS;  AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES;  AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT;  AGRICULTURAL SECTORS;  DAIRY INDUSTRY;  DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES;  DOMESTIC MARKET;  EXPORTS;  FARM MANAGEMENT;  TRADE FLOWS;  DAIRY EXPORTS;  FOOD PURCHASES;  DAIRY;  ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES;  DIRECT PAYMENTS;  PRICE;  BUTTER;  PAYMENTS;  MARKET ACCESS;  AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT;  AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION;  TRADE AGREEMENTS;  LIVESTOCK UNITS;  AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES;  FOREIGN MARKETS;  CROP INSURANCE;  ANIMAL HEALTH;  OILS;  CROP PRODUCTION;  MILK PRODUCTION;  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES;  AGRICULTURE MARKET;  MARKET DEVELOPMENT;  FENCING;  AGRICULTURAL MARKETS;  SILOS;  RAW MATERIALS;  ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION;  LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTION;  CORPORATE FARMS;  EXCHANGE RATES;  SILAGE;  LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS;  IMPORT RESTRICTIONS;  WORLD PRICES;  CROP PROTECTION;  AGRICULTURE POLICY;  CUTTING;  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY;  ANIMAL FATS;  IMPORTS;  LIVESTOCK;  BEETS;  FARMERS;  SOYBEAN MEAL;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT;  VOLUME;  CROPS;  PRICE OF MILK;  MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS;  MARKET PRICE;  IMPORT TARIFFS;  AGRICULTURAL POLICY;  MARKET ECONOMY;  AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS;  AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING;  DAIRY PRODUCTS;  CROP YIELDS;  TRANSACTION;  MARKETING CONTRACTS;  LIVESTOCK SECTOR;  AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES;  FOOD SECURITY;  COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE;  DOMESTIC MARKETS;  AGRIBUSINESS;  SANITARY STANDARDS;  MARKET PRICES;  EXTENSION SERVICES;  VEGETABLE PRODUCTS;  AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS;  FARM PRODUCTION;  FATS;  WHEAT TRADE;  PURCHASING POWER;  ANIMAL FEED;  DAIRY PROCESSORS;  TRADE ORGANIZATION;  PRICE RISK;  AGRICULTURAL SECTOR;  AGRICULTURE;  AGRICULTURAL LAND;  FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS;  TRADE FACILITATION;  FRESH FRUIT;  AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS;  FERTILIZATION;  FOREIGN EXCHANGE;  MEAT PRODUCTS;  COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION;  AGRICULTURAL MARKET;  CROP ROTATIONS;  WORLD MARKET PRICES;  PRICE MOVEMENTS;  COTTON;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  LAND;  BEEF PRODUCTION;  FARM STORAGE;  INTERNATIONAL MARKET;  PRICE RISKS;  SUPERMARKETS;  FARM;  HOUSEHOLDS;  BALANCE SHEETS;  RURAL AREAS;  CONTRACT FARMING;  FARMS;  FOOD SAFETY;  TARIFF;  MEAT;  FEED;  EXPORT;  FOOD PRODUCT;  TERM FINANCING;  PREMIUM;  MILK INDUSTRY;  COMMODITIES;  VEGETABLE OILS;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT;  FARMING SYSTEMS;  SUGAR BEETS;  COWS;  MILK PRICES;  IMPORT VALUE;  INTERNATIONAL MARKETS;  GRAIN;  AGRICULTURAL TRADE;  PRICES;  SUGAR;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2016

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Agriculture is among the most risk-prone sectors in the economies of Central Asia. Production shocks from weather, pests and diseases and adverse movements in agricultural product and input prices not only impact farmers and agri-business firms, but can also strain government finances. Some of these risks are small and localized and can be managed by producers. Others are the result of more severe, exogenous shocks outside agriculture or outside the country, which require a broader response. Failure to respond adequately to these more severe risks leads to a perpetual cycle of ‘shock-recovery-shock', which reinforces poverty traps and compromises long-term growth. The agriculture sector's exposure to production and price risk is increasing. Climate change is increasing production risks in the short to medium-term by increasing the frequency and severity of droughts and floods and in the longer-term by reducing the availability of water for irrigation due to accelerated glacial melt. The modernization and commercialization of agricultural production and processing, which is critical for sector growth, also raises the sector's exposure to price risk at a time of high volatility on international markets for agricultural commodities. An effective response to these risks requires a broader, more integrated approach to risk management than the current system of ex-ante, public sector activity associated with crop and livestock disease and ad hoc, ex-post emergency responses to local disasters. Measures to strengthen risk mitigation need to be mainstreamed into sector development and investment programs, additional human and financial resources need to be allocated to the public institutions responsible for ex-ante and ex-post risk management, and the potential for transfer (insurance) mechanisms will need to be clarified and developed where feasible. Given the limited human and financial resources available for public sector activity, a clear sense of the priorities for agriculture risk management is also required, together with a balanced view of the respective roles of public and private sector stakeholders.