Supplement to Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries: Case Studies

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英文名称：

Supplement to Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries: Case Studies

作者：

Linda Calvin""url":0; Philip Martin""url":0; Skyler Simnitt;

来源地址：

https://www.ers.usda.gov/api/publications/v1.0?page=6&items_per_page=20&sort_by=releaseDate&sort_order=DESC&series=AP%2CCCR%2CEB%2CEIB%2CERR%2CTB

关键词：

Automation;  farm labor;  fruit;  guest workers;  H-2A program;  harvest;  imports;  mechanization;  specialty crops;  vegetables;  melons; 

年份：

2022

出版地：

Washington, DC, USA

总页数：

47

语种：

English

摘要：

This supplement includes several case studies to reinforce the more general discussion contained in a href=\/publications\/pub-details\/?pubid=104217Adjusting to Higher Labor Costs in Selected U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industries (EIB-235)\/a. Farm labor costs increased from 2010-19 for several reasons, including fewer newly-arrived unauthorized workers, rising State minimum wages, and new requirements to pay overtime wages to some farm workers.The included case studies provide information on production, trade patterns, and current labor use and alternatives to hand labor in four fresh fruit\u2014apples, grapes, blueberries, and strawberries\u2014and four fresh vegetable and melon commodities\u2014lettuce, melons, and tomatoes.