A plant root environmentally-controlled cultivation system is disclosed, which comprises a module case and a plant carrier combined with the module case. The module case is configured therein with at least one liquid storage device, a temperature control device capable of providing temperature variation for the liquid storage device, an environment sensing module capable of providing information connection for the temperature control device, a liquid pressurization device capable of providing pressurization action for the liquid storage device, a recycling filtration system capable of providing recycling and filtration for the liquid storage device, a microorganism control module, and a power system electrically connected to the temperature control device, the environment sensing module, the liquid pressurization device and the microorganism control module. An accommodation space is formed as the plant carrier and the module case are combined. The root of the plant cultivated in the accommodation space can be environmentally controlled by the liquid storage device, the temperature control device, the environment sensing module, the liquid pressurization device, the recycling filtration system, the microorganism control module and the power system. Accordingly, the purpose of controlling the plant growth can be attained.本發明為有關一種植物根部環控栽培系統,其包含一模組殼體及一與模組殼體結合之植物載體,模組殼體內設置至少一液體儲存裝置、一提供液體儲存裝置溫度變化之溫度控制裝置、一提供溫度控制裝置資訊連接之環境感測模組、一提供液體儲存裝置加壓作動之液體加壓裝置、一提供液體儲存裝置回收過濾之回收過濾系統、一微生物控制模組及一與溫度控制裝置、環境感測模組、液體加壓裝置及微生物控制模組電性連結之電源系統,而植物載體與模組殼體結合後形成一容置空間,透過上述之元件對容置空間內的植物根部進行環境控制,達到植物生長控制之目的。1‧‧‧模組殼體11‧‧‧液體儲存裝置12‧‧‧溫度控制裝置121‧‧‧加熱模組122‧‧‧降溫模組13‧‧‧環境感測模組14‧‧‧液體加壓裝置141‧‧‧導流器15‧‧‧回收過濾系統16‧‧‧微生物控制模組17‧‧‧氣體控制裝置18‧‧‧電源系統2‧‧‧植物載體21‧‧‧收容部22‧‧‧進氣閥23‧‧‧洩壓閥