The present disclosure provides methods for preparing vesicles. In some embodiments, the methods involve providing a molten mixture of vesicle forming lipids and then adding the molten mixture to an aqueous solution comprising an antigen such that antigen-containing vesicles are formed. In other embodiments, the methods involve providing a lyophilized lipid product and rehydrating the lyophilized lipid product with an aqueous solution comprising an antigen such that antigen-containing vesicles are formed. The lyophilized lipid product is prepared by melting vesicle-forming lipids to produce a molten lipid mixture and then lyophilizing the molten lipid mixture. The present disclosure also provides antigen-containing vesicle formulations prepared using these methods. The present disclosure also provides kits that include a lyophilized lipid product in a first container and an aqueous solution comprising an antigen in a second container.
