PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greenhouse cultivation system achieving energy-saving and a high yield at a low cost.SOLUTION: The greenhouse cultivation system is formed by arranging in a greenhouse 10, a heat exchange-thermal storage device 30 which is installed on the side, with a heat transfer plate 32 promoting heat exchange between greenhouse air and a thermal storage body filled in the inside, and arranging a heat pump 50. Daytime surplus heat in the greenhouse is efficiently heat exchanged through the heat transfer plate 32 of the heat exchange-thermal storage device 30 by the temperature difference between the thermal storage body filled in the heat exchange-thermal storage device 30 and greenhouse air. As a result of this, it is possible to reduce the operating efficiency of the heat pump 50, contribute to daytime cooling and shortening of the ventilation time, and supply stored heat to heating at night to greatly reduce cooling and heating cost.