This invention relates to an image-capturing apparatus and an image-capturing method having a simple configuration and structure, and capable of providing an image-capturing apparatus capable of capturing an image of a subject as a three-dimensional image using only one image-capturing apparatus. The image-capturing apparatus includes first polarization means 130； a lens system 20； and an image-capturing device array 40 having second polarization means 150, wherein the first polarization means 130 includes a first region 131 and a second region 132 arranged along a first direction, the second polarization means 150 includes multiple third regions 151 and fourth regions 152 arranged alternately along a second direction, first region transmission light having passed the first region 131 passes the third region 151 and reaches the image-capturing device, second region transmission light having passed the second region 132 passes the fourth region 152 and reaches the image-capturing device, and thus, an image is captured to obtain a three-dimensional image in which a distance between a barycenter BC 1 of the first region 131 and a barycenter BC 2 of the second region 132 is a base line length of parallax between both eyes.
