The invention relates to an artificial womb system for supporting newborns, in particular extremely premature infants between the 21/0 and 28/0 week of pregnancy, comprising the following: - a chamber (1) of the artificial womb, said chamber being formed by an at least partially ultrasound-permeable wall (2) and comprising a lumen (14) for maintaining a physiologically intraamnial pressure and for receiving the artificial amniotic fluid (15) and a newborn or a premature infant, - at least one access for supplying the premature infant in the artificial womb with nutrients, - a dialysis device (9), and - an oxygenator (8) and/or a gassing device for supplying oxygen to the newborn or premature infant, wherein means are provided in order to maintain an intraamnial pressure of >；0 mBar in the chamber (1) of the artificial womb, said pressure acting on the newborn, in addition to the atmospheric pressure.
