The installation comprises a defibration sheath with an inlet for wood chips, an outlet for fibers, and two parallel rotative screws. The screws mesh with each other via their respective threads, which have at least an upstream and a downstream series of segments, with a drive upstream zone having forward threads, and a braking downstream zone having reverse threads with notches that are smaller in the braking downstream zone of the downstream series than in the braking downstream zone of the upstream series. The number of notches per thread in each braking zone is 2 to 6, and the section-to-output ratio RSO of the sum of the sections of the notches of a thread of the braking downstream zone of the downstream series to the fiber output rate is 60 mm2/m3h&minus1 to 80 mm2/m3h&minus1.
