The invention concerns a DNA vaccine against a pathogen affecting production-type animals, in particular cattle and swine, comprising a plasmid containing a nucleotide sequence coding for an immunogen of a pathogen of the animal species concerned, in conditions enabling the expression <；i>；in vivo<；/i>； of said sequence, and a cationic lipid containing a quaternary ammonium salt, of formula (I) wherein: R1 is a linear aliphatic radical, saturated or unsaturated, having 12 to 18 carbon atoms； R2 is another aliphatic radical, containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms； and X is a hydroxyl or amine group, said lipid being preferably DMRIE.
