A cell freeze-drying system, comprising: a warm nitrogen gas supply mechanism, freeze-drying operation box, and gas discharge mechanism, wherein the warm nitrogen gas supply mechanism, freeze-drying operation box, and gas discharge mechanism are connected in that order using a first connection pipe. The warm nitrogen gas supply mechanism supplies a warmed nitrogen gas to the freeze-drying operation box. A cell sample frozen in liquid nitrogen is placed in the freeze-drying operation box, and then uses a preconfigured warming mode while continuously channeling a warmed nitrogen gas to sublimate solid state water of the cell sample into water vapour. The freeze-drying operation box is preset to a suitable temperature for placing the cell sample frozen using liquid nitrogen. The gas discharge mechanism is used to discharge the nitrogen gas and the water vapor from sublimation of solid state water in the cell sample. Further disclosed is a cell freeze-drying method. The invention can effective address an issue of cell damage and contamination during freeze-drying, and realizes safety, efficiency, and low costs for cell freeze-drying.
