The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition which, in particular intended for the coating of a nail or false - nail, and more particularly intended for making up of a nail or false - nail, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium: - at least one compound which comprises at least one compound (poly) urethane poly (alk) acrylate, preferably polyurethane, di (meth) acrylate, more preferably polyurethane dimethacrylate, - of the nitrocellulose, - at least one agent anti - the primary oxidizing agent, preferably chosen from sterically hindered phenols, and the aromatic secondary amines, more preferably the ditertiobutyl peroxide hydroxytoluene 4 -, - at least one agent anti - secondary oxidizer, preferably selected from among the compounds comprising at least one pattern formed of a sulphur atom connected to two carbon atoms, more preferably selected from a compound di - t - butyl hydroxyphenylamino bisoctylthiotriazine. The present invention also relates to processes for the particular application of such a composition.