An audio signal transmission system includes a first device and a second device. The first device transmits audio signals to the second device for the second device to receive and process. After converting a piece of information read by the first device into digital data, the first device arranges the digital data to acquire a matrix, performs error control coding algorithm to rearrange and code continuous data in the matrix to generate a byte sequence, and modulates the byte sequence to generate a set of audio signals for transmission. The second device receives and modulates the set of audio signals to acquire the byte sequence, and performs an error control decoding algorithm to correctly acquire the piece of information. Accordingly, data accuracy through the audio signal transmission can be ensured, and the issue of massive uncorrectable continuous data upon audio signal transmission over the air can be tackled.
