The present invention is related with the use of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF181, UPF0361 protein C3orf37 homolog, Inhibin beta B chain, Aryl-hydrocarbon-interacting-protein-like 1, Ras-related protein Ral-B, STAM-binding protein, Steroid hormone receptor ERR1, Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2-like protein 1, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) iron-sulfur protein 6 mitochondrial, Platelet glycoprotein lb beta chain, Bifunctional protein NCOAT, Aldolase B, D-beta-hydroxybutirate dehydrogenase mitochondrial, ATP synthase subunit b mitochondrial, Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1, Guanine deaminase and Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, obesity and metabolic diseases associated thereto.