The present invention is provided with a robot-main-body drive mechanism (51) and with a robot main body (2). The robot-main-body drive mechanism includes a wrist-joint drive unit (38). The robot main body includes: a base (23) that is detachably affixed to the robot-main-body drive mechanism an arm (21) that has a hollow shaft (25), which has a proximal end (25a) that extends from the base, and a wrist joint (30), which extends from a distal end (25b) of the shaft and rotates around the axis of a distal end of the arm an end effector (22) that is attached to the wrist joint and a wrist-joint drive-force-transmission unit (48) that has a hollow torque-transmission tube (44), which is inserted through the shaft and has a distal end (44b) that is attached to the wrist joint. The wrist-joint drive unit is configured so as to connect to a proximal end (44a) of the torque-transmission tube when the base is attached to the robot-main-body drive mechanism and so as to rotate the torque-transmission tube around the axis (L1) of the torque-transmission tube and is also configured so as to detach from the torque-transmission tube when the base is removed from the robot-main-body drive mechanism.Le robot chirurgical de linvention est équipé : dun mécanisme dentraînement de corps principal de robot (51) contenant une partie entraînement darticulation de poignet (38) dune base (23) fixée de manière amovible sur le mécanisme dentraînement de corps principal de robot et dun corps principal de robot (2). Ce corps principal de robot contient : un bras (21) qui possède un arbre (25) creux dont une extrémité proche (25a) est reliée à la base, et une articulation de poignet (30) reliée à une extrémité éloignée (25b) de larbre, laquelle articulation de poignet exerce une rotation autour dune ligne axiale dune extrémité éloignée du bras un effecteur terminal (22) installé sur larticulation de poignet et une partie transmission de force dentraînement darticulation de poignet (48) qui poss
