This invention is to provide a spectroscope that can improve resolution and reduce loss of light intensity and/or distortion of a wave front while enabling detection of the optical spectrum for each of a plurality of polarization components in incident light. The spectroscope is a spectroscope that comprises a first diffraction grating 51 to which at least a transmitted light or a reflected light from an object to be measured enters, which diffracts a first polarization component of the incident light and which transmits a second polarization component that is different from the first polarization component of the incident light without diffraction, and a first light-receiving element 55 that receives a spectrum of the light diffracted by the first diffraction grating 51.
