Catheter puncture device (2) with a tubular housing (3), which merges into an extension piece for guiding the puncture needle (9) that carries a blood collection container (14), abutment and blocking element, and from which a branch portion (5) branches off through which a catheter (8) can be pushed into the elongate housing portion, with a safety housing (1) releasably connected to the tubular housing (3), wherein the puncture needle (9) is guided on or in this safety housing (1), and a locking mechanism is provided for the puncture needle (9) carrying a blood collection container (14) and retracted after the puncture such that, after the puncture, the retraction of the puncture needle (9) into the safety housing (1) and the advance of the catheter (8) into the tubular housing (3), it is possible for the safety housing (1), with the retracted puncture needle (9) locked therein and the blood collection container (14) attached to the puncture needle, to be detached from the tubular housing (3).
