This invention provides solid substrates for promoting cell or tissue growth or restored function which solid substrate is characterized by a specific fluid uptake capacity value of at least 75% which specific fluid uptake capacity value is determined by establishing a spontaneous fluid uptake value divided by a total fluid uptake value. This invention also provides solid substrates for promoting cell or tissue growth or restored function which solid substrate is characterized by having a contact angle value of less than 60 degrees when in contact with a fluid. This invention also provides solid substrates for promoting cell or tissue growth or restored function which solid substrate is characterized by a substantial surface roughness (Ra) as measured by scanning electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy. The invention also provides for processes for selection of an optimized coral based solid substrate for promoting cell or tissue growth or restored function and applications of the same.
