Provided are an anti-obesity composition, a use for a material for preventing or improving obesity, and a method for preventing or improving obesity. It was discovered that a heat-treated product of an animal- or plant-derived peptide has an anti-obesity effect. The present invention provides a novel means for preventing or improving obesity by minimizing body weight gain, minimizing the accumulation of body fat, minimizing the accumulation of visceral fat, increasing the amount of energy consumption within the body, promoting the decomposition of fat within the body, and the like.本發明之課題在於提供一種抗肥胖用組成物、用於預防或改善肥胖之素材的使用及預防或改善肥胖的方法。本案發明人發現來自動植物之胜肽的熱處理物係具有抗肥胖作用。本發明係提供一種用於藉由體重增加之抑制、體脂肪的累積之抑制、內臟脂肪的累積之抑制、體內能量消耗量的增大、體內脂肪的分解促進等而達到肥胖的預防或改善之新的手段。