The present invention relates to use of a tall oil fatty acid in the modulation of microbial population of the animal digestive tract. The invention further relates to use of a feed supplement and a feed composition comprising tall oil fatty acid.L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un acide gras de tall-oil dans la modulation de la population microbienne du tube digestif animal. L'invention concerne en outre un complément alimentaire et une composition alimentaire comprenant un acide gras de tall-oil.