The invention provides a compound (which can act as an adjuvant) of Formula I or Formula (II), wherein R1 R4 R5 R6 and R7 are each independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety and a lipid acyl moiety R2 is a hydroxyl, a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety, a lipid acyl moiety or an amino hydrocarbyl group optionally substituted with a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety or a lipid acyl moiety R3 and R8 are each independently selected from acetyl, a hydrocarbyl, a lipid moiety and a lipid acyl moiety X is a peptide chain The above normuramylglycopeptide compounds can be located in liposomes and micelles and can function as immunomodulators, along with a desired antigen (or DNA encloding the antigen), in (e.g. DNA) vaccines.
