An apparatus for irradiation of X-ray Flash of material, comprising: a) an X-ray Flash source comprising an electron source (111, 112) and an anode (115, 116) b) comprising the electron source a cold field emission cathode having an electron emitting surface, and a grid (113, 114) to control the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode； an electrical connection to charge the grid； c) the anode having an electron receiving main surface and an X-ray emitting opposing main surface, emitting the surface emitting X-rays, X radiation at an irradiation volume (128)； d) the X-ray emitting surface of the anode having a first and second orthogonally oriented dimensions of more than 2 mm each； e) a high voltage pulse power supply to power the X-ray Flash source； including the high voltage pulse power supply an input terminal (162) and an output terminal (170) and a circuit that includes one or more triodes of cold cathode field emission electrons (150a, 150b, 150c, 150d, 150e, 150g) between the input terminal and the output terminal； f) creating the X-source in said volume of irradiation to radiate material (148) in said volume, the source of electrons, anode and high-voltage pulse power supply, whereby said material is ionized and molecular bonds in organic compounds contained in said material are broken； and g) a vacuum housing for the cathode, grid and anode of the X-ray Flash source kept under vacuum (132).Un aparato para irradiación de Flash de rayos X de material, que comprende: a) una fuente de Flash de rayos X que comprende una fuente de electrones (111, 112) y un ánodo (115, 116) b) comprendiendo la fuente de electrones un cátodo frío de emisión de campo que tiene una superficie emisora de electrones, y una rejilla (113, 114) para controlar el flujo de electrones desde el cátodo al ánodo； una conexión eléctrica para cargar la rejilla； c) teniendo el ánodo una superficie principal receptora de electrones y una superficie principal en oposición emisora de rayos X
