The present invention provides a transfer device, which can ensure quick recovery when trouble occurs and achieve efficient automatic operation, and a cultivation system using the transfer device. The transfer device has a transfer unit, which moves in the frontage direction of an accommodation shelf having multiple accommodation parts that are vertically and horizontally arranged and ascends and descends in the height direction, wherein the transfer unit transfers to-be-transferred objects to the accommodation parts. The transfer device is provided with: a camera provided in the transfer unit; a first memory which sequentially stores images that are output from the camera; a second memory which stores the images; and a state input unit which inputs a signal indicating an operation state of the transfer device, wherein, using the signals input by the state input unit as triggers, images, among images stored in the first memory, captured by the camera for a predetermined time before and after the timing of the
