A surgical instrument detection system is provided that can determine the kinds of surgical instruments without special processing, such as application of an optically readable symbol, to the surgical instruments. A surgical instrument detection system 100 includes: an image input section 31 to input an image taken by a camera 1； an object extraction section 32 to clip an object image of a small steel article from the input image； a determination section 33 to input the object image to a learned classification model 331 and determine a kind of the small steel article based on features included in the object image； and an output image generation section 34 to generate an image representing the result of determination by the determination section and output such image to a monitor 2.
