In the present specification, a brain nerve damage alleviation composition comprising a lipid emulsion as an active component and a brain nerve damage alleviation method using the same are provided. The present invention can be effective in alleviating brain nerve damage caused by excitatory toxicity, trauma, stroke, and vascular disease. Furthermore, the brain nerve damage alleviation composition of the present invention has an effect that can be clinically applied to the treatment or prevention of brain dysfunction due to brain nerve damage.본 명세서에서는 지질 유상액을 유효성분으로 포함하는 뇌 신경 손상 완화용 조성물과 이를 이용한 뇌 신경 손상 완화 방법이 제공된다.