The medical safety device utilizes an active needle retraction assembly and a guidewire retraction assembly which retracts the guidewire at a retraction rate greater than the needle retraction rate to safely manage significant lengths of guidewire. A passive retraction system may be used with the active retraction assembly to rapidly retract the needle and guidewire after initial retraction. The guidewire retraction assembly includes a pulley system to increase forces applied to the device to retract the guidewire and needle retraction assembly retracts the needle. The device encloses the needle and guidewire to protect from contact with contaminated materials.
