The present invention relates to a pyranochromenylphenol derivative having different efficacy depending on the direction of optical activity and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and the R isomer of the pyranochromenylphenol derivative suppresses an increase in blood glucose and is anti-diabetic. It has excellent efficacy, and the S isomer suppresses weight gain and has excellent anti-obesity efficacy.本発明は、光学活性の方向に応じて効能が互いに異なるピラノクロメニルフェノール誘導体およびそれを含む薬学的組成物に関し、前記ピラノクロメニルフェノール誘導体のR異性体は血糖の上昇を抑制して抗糖尿効能に優れ、S異性体は体重の増加を抑制して抗肥満効能に優れる。