The present invention relates to the field of natural human-computer interaction technologies, and discloses a bioelectricity-based control method and apparatus, and a bioelectricity-based controller, so as to improve naturalness of human-computer interaction. The method is as follows: performing characteristic extraction on a collected surface electromyography signal generated when a user performs a finger press operation, so as to obtain characteristic information determining, according to a pre-created finger type recognition template, a finger type that is used to perform the finger press operation and that is corresponding to the obtained characteristic information and mapping the determined finger type used to perform the finger press operation to a corresponding first instruction, and controlling a controlled device according to the first instruction. In this way, the controlled device may be controlled in a more harmonious and natural human-computer interaction manner.
