[technical problem] purpose of the present invention solves following problems in what: when the bottom surface of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mesentery is contacted with nutrient solution and the long-time cultivated plant on the film, the root of plant can penetrate the film. [technical solution] the present invention provides a kind of plant cultivation system and plant cultivation methods, its characteristic is in what, Equilibrium swelling ratio of the PVA mesentery in water (30 C) is in 125%~250% range, and the loss tangent value (tan δ) under the equilibrium swelling state in water (30 C) is in 0.005~0.2 range. [industrial applicibility] system and method for the invention can realize prolonged plant culture while protecting the plants from microorganism infection etc. (including plant disease), and can use what agricultural and the manufacturing field of drug.[技術問題]本發明的目的在於解决以下問題：當聚乙烯醇(PVA)系膜的底表面與營養液接觸並且在該膜上長時間栽培植物時，植物的根會穿透該膜。[技術方案]本發明提供了一種植物栽培系統和植物栽培方法，其特徵在於，PVA系膜在水(30˚C)中的平衡溶脹度在125％～250％範圍內，並且在水(30˚C)中的平衡溶脹狀態下的損耗正切值(tanδ)在0.005～0.2範圍內。[工業實用性]本發明的系統和方法能够在保護植物免受微生物感染等（包括植物病害）的同時實現長時間的植物栽培，並且可用於農業和藥物製造業的領域。
