A light emitting device capable of promoting growth of plants and a plant cultivation method are provided. The light emitting device (100) includes a light emitting element (10) having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 380 nm or more and 490 nm or less, and a first fluorescent material (71) that is excited by light from the light emitting element and emits light having at least one light emission peak wavelength in a range of 580 nm or more and less than 680 nm, wherein, with respect to light which the device emits, R/B showing a ratio of photon flux density R in a range of 620 nm or more and less than 700 nm to photon flux density B in a range of 380 nm or more and 490 nm or less is within a range of 2.0 or more and 4.0 or less, and R/FR showing a ratio of photon flux density R in a range of 620 nm or more and less than 700 nm to photon flux density FR in a range of 700 nm or more and 780 nm or less is within a range of 0.7 or more and 13.0 or less.
