The present invention relates to a composition in the form of a fatty phase-in-water emulsion comprising a first solid fatty substance with a hardness, at 25° C., ranging from 0.2 to 2 MPa; a second solid fatty substance with a hardness, at 25° C., ranging from 5 to 15 MPa; and an associative aqueous gelling polymer. Application to the cosmetic treatment of the skin.