A medical image processing apparatus of the invention includes: a pixel selection portion that selects a pixel of interest from an image a feature value calculation portion that acquires color tone information of a pixel group which exists in a predetermined range including the pixel of interest and calculates a feature value of the pixel of interest, on the basis of the color tone information an evaluation value calculation portion that calculates an evaluation value of the pixel of interest on the basis of the calculated feature value an evaluation value judgment portion that judges whether or not the pixel of interest is a pixel constituting a linear structure on the basis of the calculated evaluation value and a linear structure detection portion that detects a region where the linear structure exists on the basis of a judgment result by the evaluation value judgment portion, wherein the feature value calculation portion acquires the color tone information for each of the pixel of interest and a plurality of pixels continuous with the pixel of interest, and calculates a feature value of the pixel of interest on the basis of a result of applying a filter designed to suit the linear structure to the acquired color tone information.
