Biomarkers for the treatment of pathological conditions associated with the PI3K pathway, such as cancer, and methods of using inhibitors of upstream components of the PI3K pathway, such as PI3K-α inhibitors or AKT inhibitors, are described. In particular, there are described biomarkers for patient selection in the treatment of cancer, as well as methods of therapeutic treatment, diagnostic kits and methods of detection, wherein cancers that possess a mutation in an upstream component of the PI3K pathway (such as the PIK3CA gene and/or the AKT gene), and a wild-type MAP3K1 gene and MAP2K4 gene, are more likely to respond favourably to treatment with inhibitors of upstream components of the PI3K pathway.描述了用於治療與PI3K通路相關聯的病理狀況例如癌症之生物標記，以及使用PI3K通路的上游組分之抑制劑例如PI3K-α抑制劑或AKT抑制劑之方法。具體而言，描述了在癌症治療中用於患者選擇之生物標記，以及治療處理方法、診斷套組和檢測方法，其中具有PI3K通路的上游組分(例如PIK3CA基因和/或AKT基因)之突變、以及野生型MAP3K1基因和MAP2K4基因的癌症會更可能有利地響應於用PI3K通路的上游組分的抑制劑進行的治療。
