PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coating method which has preferable operability and curability and can secure a cured thickness and radiation ray shielding property, and to provide a structure which is coated by the coating method and is suited for radiation ray shielding use as the structure in a radiation contamination region.SOLUTION: A coating method includes a process in which an arbitrary wall surface of a structure is coated with a radiation ray shielding room temperature curable organopolysiloxane composition containing the following (A) to (D) components by using a coating spray system and a coated film is cured at room temperature: (A) diorganopolysiloxane of which molecular chain both terminals are closed by hydroxide group and/or hydrolyzable group; (B) barium sulfate; (C) silica having a BET specific surface area of 10 m/g or more; (D) silane and/or partially hydrolyzed condensate which has at least two hydrolyzable groups in one molecule represented by RSiZ(Ris mono-valent hydrocarbon group h
