A rotary cutting tool (1) and a rotary cutting operating assembly, the cutting tool (1) at least comprising an outer cutter (3) provided with a sampling groove (5) at the front end, and an inner cutter (4) sleeved inside the outer cutter (3)； the cutting tool (1) also comprises a rotating driven member (6) slidably engaged with the inner cutter (4) in the circumferential transmission axial direction and a translational driven member (7) fitted to the inner cutter (4) by means of a lead screw structure； a handle (2) comprises a handle body and a drive component mounted on the handle body, the drive component comprising a rotating active member (8) used for driving the rotation of the rotating driven member (6) and a translational active member (9) used for driving the translational driven member (7)； the rotating driven member (6) drives the rotation of the inner cutter (4) and forms a rotating speed differential with the translational driven member (7), the rotating speed differential driving the inner cutter (4) to move axially and thereby implement sampling of the sampling groove (5)； the present rotating cutting tool (1) is structurally simple, easy to assemble, easy to operate, has high sampling efficiency, ensures successful operation, and also ensures that interference does not easily occur between the rotating movement and the translational movement； the running of the operating components is smooth and stable, the rotary cutting operation is highly efficient, and safe operation is ensured.
