The present invention relates to: a recombinant adenovirus comprising a polynucleotide, which encodes a trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk composite relating to a cancer-specific gene, and a cancer-treating gene； a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer, containing the recombinant adenovirus as an active ingredient； and a method for treating cancer, comprising the step of administering the recombinant adenovirus or the pharmaceutical composition to an individual requiring treatment. The recombinant adenovirus of the present invention shows selectivity for a cancer cell by a trans-splicing ribozyme relating to a cancer-specific gene and an increased anticancer activity by a cancer-treating gene, and thus can be widely used for the effective prevention and treatment of cancer.
