Disclosed herein are compositions which are exothermic upon contact with oxygen and are self-steaming. The various described embodiments include compositions comprising: (a) a fuel component (b) a water manager component, and (c) water. In one embodiment, the water manager component, has a mean particle size distribution of greater than about 250 microns. Alternatively or additionally, the ratio of the water manager component t the water is from about 0.001:1 to about 0.2:1 by weight. Alternatively or additionally, the fuel component comprises sponge iron. Alternatively or additionally, the composition comprises a volatile component. In yet another embodiment, articles comprising the compositions arc described. Further, methods of making the compositions are described.
